Resume

of Dr. A. Lubyako monograph

«Homeostasis. The mechanisms of formation, adaptation and uniform organization»

The book represents a theoretical work for the first time presenting the motivated substantiation of the uniform organization of the material world from its elementary and cell level, organisms of highly developed animals and a human being up to planetary biosphere and metagalaxy of Sheply to be known as «The theory of the uniform homeostatic system ».

The book is intended for the experts in the field of natural sciences: biologists, doctors and scientists who have devoted to study of mechanisms of formation of reserve possibilities in an organism, systems of organs, organs, tissues and cells; development of methods of a dosed effect on selected biological objects and quantitative control over it; applying this knowledge to diagnostics and treatment processes on a new level; development and introduction of diagnostics and non medicamental methods of treatment of the widest spectrum of the nosological forms of diseases essentially distinguished from the known methods.

In addition, this work is addressed to experts in the field of fundamental physics, chemistry, mathematics, as the problems considered in “The theory of the uniform homeostatic system” are capable to find and have already found their practical implementation at the interfaces of different sciences. This theory is very young and it tries to step in this difficult life of science with its private systematic understanding of the total construction of the world. But this theory is very, very old, because it was born in the greatest minds of the best scientists in the world: Heraclites, Socrates, Aristotle, Ecclesiastes, Paracelses, P.Decurtes, E.Kunt, H.Gegel, I.Sechenov, Ch.Darvin, W.Cannon, C.Bernar, A.Einstein, N.Wvedenski, V.Vernadski, K.Timiryazev, I.Pawlov, A.Uhtomski, I.Schmalgauzen, H.Selye, I.Prigozhin and other outstanding names.

They found the way to the Truth. We only try to collect this experience. In addition, we are ready, able and will do all to prepare a super perfect instrument to put it in the hands of a person for successful evolution. There is only one condition: these hands must be good, clean and have a good will.

In particular, considering evolution of the world within the framework of “The theory of the uniform homeostatic system” and in accordance with "Rule of professor I. Prigozhin[1]", "Theory of bifurcation of A. Einstein" and "Theory of indignation of professor M. Dewar[2]" it is reasonable to confirm that the mechanism of performance of these rules can be qualified as catalytic process from the historical and thermodynamical point of view. This can be explain through action of small and super small doses of biologically active materials and small or super small physical radiation of activation mechanisms, capable to initiate the existing potentials of the main participants of performance of homeostatic relations (reactions) by adjusting their power by substratum, ions and/or physically through chemical, biological and/or physical catalysis.

It means that the principles of a physical catalysis as well as norm of response historically wear a general organizing character. I.e. their application is possible practically in all branches of the modern industry (electronics, microelectronics, construction, chemical industry, oil and gas industry, mechanical engineering, aircraft construction, shipbuilding, power, communication, medical industry, production of pharmaceuticals, public health services, education, social rehabilitation, social reorientation and many others).

For example, our German colleagues (K. Nickel[3], M. Brusewitz[4]) have independently used only some of the named principles for developing special technologies. The results they have received were excellent. They got the unique effects on several materials (olefins, polyolephins, hydrocarbons, a number of metals, and etc). Now they are even ready to change some of the basic physical characteristics of these materials: density, acerbity, elasticity, and viscosity. As the next step, new compound materials were created: kaza-carbon, carbon-plastics etc with planned characteristics that changed structure of intra-molecular connections and molecular relations. This has allowed adjusting conduction, electrostatic, chemical, and radioactive resistance.

Since it seems possible to use technologies based on "The theory of the uniform homeostatic system " in the field of a dosed afferent reorientation of highest nervous activity, this book can be of interest to psychologists and ecologists. Who are ready and capable to associate in their own studies with the base of fundamental science. Who like and want use real physical features for "alive" matter. Who want and are ready to bring together stupendous empirical experience of two historical disciplines: psychology and medicine.

The book consists of an introduction, three basic parts, 17 chapters and conclusion. It contains 51 drawings, 19 tables, and 3 lists of the literature from 425 quoted references addressed to each part.

The part № 1 or "The theory of uniformity of homeostatic device" (general problems of theory)" consists of five chapters, a list of quoted literature, and has its one "Introduction", in which the historical aspects of formation and development of a subject "homeostasis" are consistently represented, as independent direction in science, basic doctrines, theories, concepts and ideas, dominant laws and legitimacies of birth, system, existence and evolution of "an alive matter".

In the process of interpretation at a stage of formalization of "homeostasis" concept, undertaken in the context of thermodynamics, the strictness of hierarchical system of the whole row of the participants of homeostatic world becomes obvious. They have clear borders, which are in disequilibria to surrounding medium and support these disequilibria independently and exchange substance, energy, and information with it.

Therefore, the primary purpose of generalizing and systematizing knowledge in the field of the theory of homeostasis, evolution of complex, homeostatic systems, theory of adaptation and adaptive regulation in terms of thermodynamics, known laws of physics of life and development, grows arbitrary in a global demonstration of uniform mechanisms of world-building, supported by the general balance of substance movement, energy and information. The selected approach to the estimation of homeostasis and homeostatic systems suggests logically an essence of harmony of the material and nonmaterial world and explains dualism of the Universe and its participants from elementary to multicomplex.

In chapter 1 part 1 "A special case of dialectical complication of the world’s "chaos" (specific display of general necessity) the evolutionary aspects of development of the material world as reasonable inevitability are separately observed.

In Chapter 2 "Introduction to the theory of homeostasis" general interpretation of the basic terms, categories and concepts, used in theories dedicated to homeostasis, stress, adaptation and adaptive regulation of disequilibria and/or excitable systems has been given. There are presented definitions of such concepts as homeostasis, adaptation, adaptive system, stress-syndrome, effect of action and efficiency etc. In this chapter, the main requirements for interpretation and the use of special words and conditions have been defined for the best understanding in this book.

The chapter 3 is completely devoted to those basic doctrines, which formed a base of «The theory of the uniform homeostatic system». In a brief and laconic form the main ideas pertaining to this book of "Origin of types by way of natural selection " by Ch.Darwin[5], biogenetic laws of E.Geckel and F.Müller[6], the most important positions of "Synthetic theory of evolution" by T.Haksley and J.Simpson[7], basic principles of theory "Variability, heredity and natural selection" by A.Severcov[8], K.Timiriasev[9], V.Vernadsky[10], N.Vavilov[11] have been provided. Also, the principle of the uniform geochemical system of « alive substance », introduced by professor V.Vernadsky, has separately been commented.

The special attention has been given to the works of prominent Russian scientists professors N.Vwedensky[12] and A.Uhtomsky[13] and their doctrines "About parabiosis, physiological labilety" and "Dominant". They put a deep "physiological" way in the theory of adaptation and adaptive regulation of homeostatic systems. This chapter contains a very valuable, but rather unknown note of German biologist doctor H.Dotterweich[14] “Das biologishe Gleichgewicht  und seine Bedeutung fur die Hauptproblem der Biologie” (Fischer, Jena, 1940, "About habituation to irritation, adaptation and braking") and a commentary to it in the light of theory of professor I.Sechenov[15] “Of excitement and braking”.

The main attention is drawn to fundamental works of our contemporaries Canadian professor H.Selye[16] and his modern theory "Teaching about adaptive syndrome"; the concept of Russian academician professor V.Parin[17] and the theory of professor F.Meerson[18] "About system structured trace, and general adaptive syndrome", the principle of Russian professor N.Onischenko[19] "Energy indebtedness and energy deficit" in processes of adaptive homeostatic reactions. Also, principle of Russian professor V.Frolov[20] for differentiated approaches in appraisal of conditions of "hyper-function" of heart on the border between life and death; the basic positions of Russian professor D.Sarkisov[21] "Structured basic of adaptation and compensations of the broken functions", including an amendment to the theory of "stress" of professor E.Chazov[22] "Physiology of defensive reactions" have been considered.

The basic postulates of « The general theory of function systems » of professor P.Anohin[23] and professor K.Sudackov[24], affecting organisms of human beings and animals and some explanation of particularities of behavioural reactions of the persons and some assumptions for group’s reactions, are briefly presented.

The major attention is given to the description of principles "of «feedback" formulated by one of founders of the domestic computer science professor I.Shmalgauzen[25] for uniform information spaces in aspect of the organic world formation. In same connection the basic definitions and essence of definitions of « Information theories and information spaces » are surveyed.

The main concepts of the theory of a prominent scientist of our days, Nobel prize winner professor I.Prigozhin[26] "About thermodynamic essence of structure, stability, fluctuations and self-organisation in "complex" have been presented in more details. The works of I.Prigozhin had a dominant influence on development of " The theory of the uniform homeostatic system ". When reading this part of the book named "Commentary to basic teachings...» this will be easy to feel. This commentary is like the conclusions of materials of this extensive chapter.

The Chapter 4 is named as "Universal, general and private laws, forming a base of "Theory by uniformity of homeostatic device". This chapter is one of the key points in the general interpretation. It is very important, because it reproduces the general laws of conservation of material, energy, pulse, information, presented within the framework of Newton’s mechanics and quantum mechanics, first beginning of thermodynamics, and equation of balance of entropy. The second and the third beginning of thermodynamics have been briefly described. In attempt to indicate a certain ideological relation between the theory of relativity, theory of gravitation and quantum mechanics and to identify physical sense of information in light of modern understandings about the laws of its conservation, this section surveys possible variations of the basic law applied for relativistic and nonrelativistic processes.

On the basis of stated a certain "Law of conservation of balance in exchange of matter and energy", as dialectical beginning of the "Law of conservation of balance of mass of substance, energy and information" has been formalized.

The reaction of «indignation» (or excitement), as valuable element in the «Theory of indignation of homeostatic systems», as well as some other laws of total-biologic behaviour was represented. These are rule of Shelford-Gauze[27] (the principle of action of biotic and abiotic or non-biotic factors on biological objects) including the law of Lebich[28] (the rule of minimum) and rule of Shelford[29] or «the Law of tolerance» (principle of an optimum), acting in structure of a conservation law in a biogeochemical cycle of a turnover of substances in the Nature.

Chapter 5 was written as conclusion of the first part of this book. On essence, this is short statement of the fundamental base for the futures of the "Theory by uniformity of homeostatic device".

Part second or "Participants of homeostatic world (the system analysis of the private form)" is devoted to more detailed description of each of such participants, inhabited around us, from elementary to macro levels. It consists of the seven main chapters and a list of literature. In it you can find a certain identification analysis of device of this private forms, typical manifestations of life, functions, reactivity of systems, their excitability, abilities to get information, modulate it to a level of capacity for acting, and answer in an adequate manner.

The Chapter 1 "Elementary homeostasis " is devoted to elementary particles, elementary electric charges, forming structures of molecules and atoms, extra-atomic and extra-molecular interactions, when forming simple and composite substances and their composites. The various kinds of chemical bonds, their energy and stoichiometry in the process of rational complication have been considered (covalent relationships, ionic, hydrogen, hydrophobic and Van-der-vaals interactions, volume of energy connections and intermolecular interactions et etc).

The Chapter 2 or "Instrumental ensuring the homeostatic device. The Chemical conversions. The Rate of reaction. The Catalysis". In this chapter the spontaneous (primary) chemical processes (photochemical, electrochemical, radiation-chemical, mechanic-chemical and the plasma-chemical) have been discussed as a basic element in understanding of evolutionary steps in development of different forms of catalysis in the world history.

There have been considered only those problems, which are related to fulfillment of so-called "instrumental provision" of homeostatic reaction "rates", forming the process of an exchange of material, energy and information and  defining eventually a total rationality complex. Thus, the present theory has got definition  of an instrumental composition (mechanisms) of maintaining and management of “strict rationality”, exercised at all levels of organization of substance. These are rate of reaction, norm of response, substrates, ion and physical regulation, biological or ferment catalysis, as essence of "physical catalysis".

In the Chapter 3 "Homeostasis of organoids and organelles" microsomes, organelles and organoids of  vegetative and animal cells have briefly been described. A peculiarity of this chapter is that an attempt of identification of common features, instruments and mechanisms of an adaptive regulation of these formations has been undertaken. The responses of photosynthesis, light-reception of vision, phototaxis and phototropism are presented as the natural and well enough investigated processes adding such approach. The mechanisms of ionic and proton phosphorylation are separately indicated.

The chapter 4 « Homeostasis of animals and persons cell » is presented basically on an example of cardiomiocites, as the most investigated object in the context of urgent and long-term phenotypic adaptation in the general system of regulation of cellular homeostasis. This section is presented in very detail from the moments of revealing and identification of general mechanisms of acceptance and fulfillment of responses of urgent adaptation at a level of cells of persons and animals up to mechanisms and possibilities of such acceptance at a level of the relativistic relations, as more ancient and eternal.

Particular attention has been given to formation of the so-called physiological answer as a terminating phase of reaction of adaptation, not only for forming a method of behavior and life, but also for feedback information as one of components for interacting systems and participants of the homeostatic world.

The chapter contains a plenty of concrete examples from own data and literature confirming declared principles.

The Chapter 5 «Homeostasis of organism», as well as all the previous and subsequent presentation is based on the above mentioned identification signs. Herewith, homeostasis of animals and human beings is presented as second-forming homeostasis in the process of evolution. Homeostasis of organism is described through mechanisms of reception of information, ways of it inflexion, shaping the physiological answer, as terminating phases of reaction of urgent adaptation, as an essence of mechanism of homeostatic behavior.

Other levels of regulation of homeostasis of an organism of animals and human beings, including homeostasis of highly developed plants are also briefly presented.

The Chapter 6 "Homeostasis of planetary biosphere" presents the doctrine of professor V.Vernadsky and professor I.Shilov[30] about "biosphere" through a prism of "participants" of homeostasis of the "planetary biosphere". Moreover the identification begins with identification of borders of non-miscible mediums of planetary biosphere. This is one of attributes necessary for any system that has characteristics of homeostasis. For this purpose an atmosphere, troposphere, stratosphere, ionosphere, magnetosphere, plasmasphere and radiation belts of the Earth have been discussed (internal and external belts, belt of protons of small energy, zone of quasi-aerocapture). This chapter presents some of mechanisms of reception of external information and ways of it modulation at given level of organization of material world.

The characteristics of near-Earth space environment as external medium of planetary biosphere and structure of galactic space rays, including solar space rays and solar wind have separately been presented.

Certain cyclic processes caused by activity of space streams and solar radiation, termed as “managers” for planetary biosphere have been analyzed with the same purpose of identification of planetary biosphere of the Earth as independent system having properties of homeostasis. At all levels of organization of substance Forbush-effect or effect of Forbush-reduction is surveyed as response of perturbation typical for homeostatic systems.

The Chapter 7 describes metagalaxy of Sheply and its participants. Thus the descriptive part of the known participants of metagalaxy (planetary star systems, galaxy, group of galaxies) is combined with the identification analysis applied to homeostatic systems (perturbation, modulation of information, physiological answer, tool maintenance).

The principle of inter-absorbing of multiples, in reality united with most scale ensemble, i.e. metagalaxy of Sheply re, is used as a basis for analysis of uncertainty of absolute multiples of participants. As a result of such analysis the existence of “imaginary reversing ” of Sheply’s metagalaxy has been proved. This effect was named as “non-material Partner”. It encloses all numbers of hierarchical series and returns them to the level of elementary. Thereby, infinity of dualism of the Universe, its participants and executive instruments has obtained certain physical sense and significance.

So the pattern of the two-uniform infinity was born consolidating the functional relations of all participants of the homeostatic world and which was named Model of "Sheply-Möbius".

The third part or « The Partner of homeostatic world (private analysis systemic) » represents the actual description of the pattern of relations between the material and incorporeal world and consists of five chapters and the list of literature. The section is devoted to the analysis of known features, properties and manifestations of some indetermination, which has received a name of “The Partner of Sheply’s metagalaxy” if the analysis of unknown is ever possible. The result of such analysis is possibility of explanation of many unknown events and phenomena. They had no explanation before, but all the time they claimed special study and will generate rising interest further.

For example, handling correlation of information flows of high and lowly energy at a rate of expected transformations, it is possible to find and explain one unique effect. That is transformation of quantum-mechanical characteristics of the flows of elementary particles in the energy of free wave, i.e. of free frequency. This information process compensates virtual disagreement of elementary device for total dependence on the laws of conservation. The possibility of inverse transformation of carrying and basic frequencies of oscillator (Partner of Sheply’s metagalaxy), forming all necessary conditions for birth and destruction of matter on the elementary level has been proven

Our own understanding of information dualism of positive and negative charges of elementary particles and anti-particles at all levels of organization of a substance is namely in this information and energy mission of the Partner of Sheply’s metagalaxy (oscillator). This is an essence of forming mechanism of production of entropy in the material world or summary of quantum effect. This is the key mechanism of transformation of wave energy in oscillatory, oscillatory in chemical excitation energy, and excitation energy in bond energy, converting substance itself.

The Chapter 1 of the third part "Nature of dualism of the material world" describes the known information flows of high energy at a level of macrocosms of relativistic property.

The Chapter 2 is devoted to description and separate interpretations of so-called "Black holes" of Stefan Hockingom, and chapter 3 presents some features of quasars and pulsars of Major Space, being certain sources and receivers of flows of relativistic quality in a macro-world of Sheply’s metagalaxy.

Chapter 4. "Information flows of small energy at the level of microcosm" and chapter 5 "Model of relations of material and of non-material world" is completely devoted to the vital activity of the model of the termed relations.

The numerous specific examples included in this book have been taken from a number of experimental researches executed on laboratory animals. They have been used to support our judgments, proofs and conclusions thou they did not receive appropriate interpretation up to today. Of how successful we were is up to judgment of our colleagues, because we used these examples from our own practice in discussing problems of general. Moreover our personal experience concerns in the greater degree those objects, to which the basic part of our scientific and individual life is devoted. These are heart, myocardium, normal and pathological physiology in cardiosurgery , transplantology and preservation of organs.

Conclusions as though "crowning" all reflections are presented as certain «postulates of the theory of the uniform homeostatic system», which we have found proved in the process of interpretation and which could become hereafter subject of independent investigations in theoretical, experimental and, unconditionally, in applied aspects in the future.